对比

典型心房扑动(逆钟向) vs 心房颤动: 临床与心电图鉴别

基于MioAtlas 3D心脏模拟器模型的典型心房扑动(逆钟向)与心房颤动横向对比。

按解剖生理分层与诊断参数列出的表现

层面 / 表现 典型心房扑动(逆钟向) 心房颤动
临床概要

围绕三尖瓣环的大折返环路,依赖于下腔静脉-三尖瓣峡部(CTI)。逆钟向激动在下壁导联(II、III、aVF)产生倒置的“锯齿状”F波,在V1导联产生直立F波。心房率约300 bpm,通常伴2:1房室传导阻滞,导致心室率约为150 bpm。

心房电活动完全紊乱,呈现多个微折返小波,通常由肺静脉异位触发点诱发。心房有效收缩功能完全丧失。P波消失,代之以不规则的颤动波(f波)和完全不规则的心室反应(“绝对不齐”节律)。

心率

150 bpm (min: 75, max: 150)

125 bpm (min: 90, max: 170)

QRS时限

90 ms

90 ms

发生机制

reentrada

reentrada

AV传导

2:1

variable

关键导联

II, III, aVF, V1

V1, II

文献来源与参考文献

典型心房扑动(逆钟向)

  1. Anderson RH, Yanni J, Boyett MR, Chandler NJ, Dobrzynski H. The anatomy of the cardiac conduction system . Clin Anat (2009) . DOI: 10.1002/ca.20700
  2. Kligfield P, Gettes LS, Bailey JJ, et al. Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: Part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology . Circulation (2007) . DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.180200
  3. Sovilj S, Magjarevic R, Lovell NH, Dokos S. A simplified 3D model of whole heart electrical activity and 12-lead ECG generation . Comput Math Methods Med (2013) . DOI: 10.1155/2013/134208

心房颤动

  1. Anderson RH, Yanni J, Boyett MR, Chandler NJ, Dobrzynski H. The anatomy of the cardiac conduction system . Clin Anat (2009) . DOI: 10.1002/ca.20700
  2. Kligfield P, Gettes LS, Bailey JJ, et al. Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: Part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology . Circulation (2007) . DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.180200
  3. Sovilj S, Magjarevic R, Lovell NH, Dokos S. A simplified 3D model of whole heart electrical activity and 12-lead ECG generation . Comput Math Methods Med (2013) . DOI: 10.1155/2013/134208