急性心包炎
心包囊的急性炎症(病程通常 < 4–6 周),病因包括感染性(常见病毒性或特发性)、自身免疫性、心包切开术后或尿毒症性。
定义
心包囊的急性炎症(病程通常 < 4–6 周),病因包括感染性(常见病毒性或特发性)、自身免疫性、心包切开术后或尿毒症性。临床特征为平卧位加重、前倾位缓解的胸膜炎样胸痛、听诊闻及心包摩擦音、心电图动态ST段和PR段改变,以及可选出现的通常为少量的积液 [C2] [G6-12]。正如Ariyarajah与Spodick在其综述中所指出,“急性心包炎(AP)基本上是一项临床诊断”[G6-12]。
严重程度标准
分层表现
血流动力学
ECG
心音与杂音
模拟器严重程度分级
模拟器严重程度分级:
单一级别
基线心律:
正常窦性心律
亦称为: 急性心包炎 · 急性心包炎症 · 纤维素性心包炎 · 急性特发性心包炎 · 心包炎
该组中的其他病变
相关临床对比
文献来源
- [B3] The jugular venous pressure revisited . Cleve Clin J Med (2013) . DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.80a.13039 PubMed: 24085809
- [B4] The Carotid Pulse . Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations (1990) . PubMed: 21250154
- [B5] Pulsus paradoxus . Eur Respir J (2013) . DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00138912 PubMed: 23222878
- [C2] 2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of myocarditis and pericarditis . Eur Heart J (2025) . DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf192 PubMed: 40878297
- [G6-01] American Society of Echocardiography clinical recommendations for multimodality cardiovascular imaging of patients with pericardial disease: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography . J Am Soc Echocardiogr (2013) . DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2013.06.023 PubMed: 23998693
- [G6-11] Pericardial rub. Prospective, Multiple observer investigation of pericardial friction in 100 patients . Am J Cardiol (1975) . DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90847-1 PubMed: 1114993
- [G6-12] Acute pericarditis: diagnostic cues and common electrocardiographic manifestations . Cardiol Rev (2007) . DOI: 10.1097/01.crd.0000233777.62568.b5 PubMed: 17172880
- [M5] Pericardial disease . Circulation (2006) . DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.561514 PubMed: 16567581