急性风湿性心脏炎
风湿热在心脏结构上的急性炎症表现,特征为活动性瓣膜炎(主要累及二尖瓣)、心肌炎和不同程度的心包炎(风湿性全心炎)。
定义
风湿热在心脏结构上的活动性炎症表现,特征为活动性瓣膜炎(主要累及二尖瓣)、心肌炎和不同程度的心包炎(风湿性全心炎),作为A组乙型溶血性化脓性链球菌咽炎后的自身免疫交叉反应而诱发 [G7-01] [G7-10]。
严重程度标准
- 严重程度分级:单一级别。根据 AHA 2015 修订的Jones标准 [G7-01, Tabla 1 y 2] 及Marijon等人的综述 [G7-10],代表活动性风湿性全心炎的明显表现。
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修订的Jones诊断标准(AHA 2015 [G7-01]):
- 主要标准:经多普勒超声心动图确诊的临床或亚临床心脏炎,并获得二尖瓣(和/或主动脉瓣)瓣膜炎的形态学和血流动力学证实:在至少 2 个多普勒切面上可证实病理性二尖瓣反流,反流束长度 ≥ 2.0 cm,峰值流速 > 3.0 m/s,EROA ≥ 0.20–0.35 cm²(RV ≥ 30–50 mL/次)。
- 次要心电图标准:相对于年龄PR间期延长(成人PR > 200 ms 或儿童 > 160–180 ms)[G7-01]。
- 急性二尖瓣瓣膜炎的形态学标准:二尖瓣瓣叶尖部和游离缘结节样增厚或串珠样改变(急性渗出期厚度 ≥ 3–4 mm),伴有前叶脱垂或对合受限 [G7-01]。
分层表现
模拟器严重程度分级
模拟器严重程度分级:
单一级别
基线心律:
一度房室传导阻滞
亦称为: 急性风湿性心脏炎 · 风湿性全心炎 · 急性风湿热心脏炎 · 风湿性心脏炎 · 风湿性心脏病
该组中的其他病变
文献来源
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