主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎伴穿孔
自体主动脉瓣破坏性细菌或真菌感染,其特征是在主动脉瓣叶心室侧增生感染性赘生物,伴瓣膜穿孔、瓣叶撕裂或瓣交界脱垂。
定义
自体主动脉瓣破坏性细菌或真菌感染,其特征是在主动脉瓣叶心室侧增生感染性赘生物,伴瓣膜穿孔、瓣叶撕裂或瓣交界脱垂,导致呈快速进展病程的急性或亚急性主动脉瓣关闭不全 [C3] [G7-13]。
严重程度标准
- 轻度(L):有效反流孔面积(EROA)< 0.10 cm²(< 10 mm²);反流容积(RV)< 30 mL/次;反流分数(RF)< 30 %;缩流颈宽度(VC)< 3.0 mm;多普勒压力半降时间(PHT)> 500 ms [V1] [V3]。
- 中度(M):EROA 0.10–0.29 cm²(10–29 mm²);RV 30–59 mL/次;RF 30–49 %;缩流颈(VC)3.0–6.0 mm;PHT 200–500 ms [V1] [V3]。
- 重度(G):EROA ≥ 0.30 cm²(≥ 30 mm²);RV ≥ 60 mL/次;RF ≥ 50 %;缩流颈(VC)> 6.0 mm;PHT < 200 ms(急性发作中由于主动脉-左室舒张末期压力快速均等而显著缩短)[V1] [V3] [G1-03]。
- 赘生物大小标准:根据ESC 2023指南 [C3, Tabla 14],赘生物大小 > 10 mm 预示高体循环栓塞风险,> 30 mm 则需要紧急心脏手术。
分层表现
模拟器严重程度分级
模拟器严重程度分级:
轻度, 中度, 重度
基线心律:
窦性心动过速
亦称为: 主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎 · 主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎 · 主动脉瓣心内膜炎 · 自体主动脉瓣心内膜炎 · 主动脉心内膜炎
该组中的其他病变
文献来源
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- [V1] 2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease . Eur Heart J (2025) . DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf194 PubMed: 40878295
- [V3] Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance . J Am Soc Echocardiogr (2017) . DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.01.007 PubMed: 28314623